knowledge management

knowledge management

 The concept of knowledge management

Research is still ongoing in this area, and this is what led to the absence of a single definition of knowledge management, and a set of definitions were given to it, each according to his scientific and practical background. Among these definitions, we mention the following

Knowledge management is: the organized collection of information from sources inside and outside the organization, its analysis and interpretation, and the conclusion of indicators and indications used in directing and enriching the operations in the organization and achieving improvement in performance and rise to higher levels of achievement, whether in relation to the organization’s own achievements in previous periods or in comparison to the achievements of competitors

This definition indicates that knowledge management is a set of processes from gathering information to its use with the aim of increasing the organization’s performance in comparison with its performance in previous periods or compared to competitors, but what is taken on this definition is that knowledge management is limited to information and saw that knowledge management processes stop When hiring information

=Malhotra defined it as: An intellectual development that moved us from the common idea of ​​restricting the information value chain to the knowledge value chain, where the first technical systems are the main elements that lead the work processes while dealing with people as performers of the work, and the second deals with human systems as basic elements that work to evaluate Continuous for information stored in technical systems

This definition shows a kind of differentiation between information management and knowledge management, as it sees that knowledge management is an evolution of information management, as the latter depends on technical systems and considers the human resource merely a performer of work, while knowledge management deals primarily with the human resource that works to renew and create Continuous knowledge preserved in technical systems

The definition adopted by the CIGREF Working Group, which believes that:  Knowledge management is a set of organizing methods and technologies aimed at creating, collecting, organizing, storing, disseminating, using and transferring knowledge in the enterprise, knowledge embodied in the form of intellectual capital and experience obtained by collaborators or experts in a field

According to this definition, knowledge management is a set of organizational and technological methods that allow knowledge acquisition, employment and creation of new knowledge. This knowledge constitutes an intellectual capital for the organization

Knowledge management approachs

For more knowledge on this subject, we will rely on the various approaches that defined knowledge management, which are all valid in a specific application range, instead of giving a comprehensive and unified definition. These approaches are as follows

1- Documentary approach: This approach finds knowledge management in knowledge management, extracting knowledge from individuals, analyzing it, shaping it and developing it into printed or electronic documents in order to facilitate their understanding and application

2- Technical approach: According to this approach, the bias towards information technologies appears while neglecting the human intellectual aspects of knowledge management, and this diagnosis is confirmed according to its definition as the embodiment of the organizational processes that examine the ability of information technologies to process data as well as their ability to address innovation and individual creativity

3- The social approach: According to this approach, knowledge management appears as a method of interaction between individuals through specific means that ensure collective participation in experience, culture and values

 The added value approach: This approach considers knowledge management as an approach to extract the added value when applying and using knowledge. According to his jurisprudence, knowledge management has its components represented in individuals, technology, process, and then strategy

 Financial Approach: According to this approach, knowledge management includes the tasks of forming intellectual capital as it exists, but the possibility of its use, circulation, preservation and development made it tangible

 Knowledge approach: According to this approach, knowledge management applications extend to all departments of the institution, and since the institution is a producer of knowledge, it is a source of the added value resulting from it

However, achieving this is based on establishing four main pillars, which are cognitive beliefs, commitment, organizational form and know-how, as well as the dominant role of information technology

Process approach: This approach sees knowledge management as a process of collecting and creating knowledge, managing its base and facilitating participation in it in order to apply it effectively in the organization

The importance of knowledge management

Knowledge management is extremely important for the organization that depends on it, especially after the rapid development of the economy and its transformation from an industrial economy to a knowledge economy

The importance of knowledge management stems from three main facts

 Knowledge management will dominate the information technology and services market

That knowledge management will enable companies to create a suitable environment for a wide market

That knowledge management will be a source of collective improvement for many of the facilities and services currently provided

The importance of knowledge management for the organization is as follows

Knowledge management is a great opportunity for organizations to reduce costs and raise their internal assets to generate new revenues

It is an integrative systemic process to coordinate the various activities of the organization in the direction of achieving its goals

Knowledge management enables the organization to identify the required knowledge, document its availability, develop it, share it, apply and evaluate it

Knowledge management is a tool for effective organizations to invest their intellectual capital, by making it possible for other people in need of it to access the knowledge generated by it

It is a motivation tool for organizations to encourage the creative potential of their human resources to create good knowledge and advance disclosure of unknown relationships and gaps in their expectations

It provides the opportunity to obtain a permanent competitive advantage for organizations, other than their contribution to enabling the organization to adopt more innovations represented in introducing new goods and services

It supports efforts to utilize all tangible and intangible assets, by providing a framework for enhancing organizational knowledge

Building and developing the organization's ability to deal with competitive changes early and prepare to adapt to them

The system of core competencies provides the organization with the ability to activate its competitive strength due to its need for a knowledge balance that is used in the exploitation of productive capacities and in providing high-quality goods and services that meet the needs of customers

It creates opportunities for the development of the organization at rates commensurate with its capabilities, and the opportunities available to it through the intensive exploitation of the results of knowledge in addition to the accumulated experience of individuals

It achieves integration between the capabilities of creative human resources with knowledge and the requirements of communication and information technologies

 keywords : knowledge management approaches, knowledge , importance of knowledge